TidyTuesday 2020 week 44

Patched animation of the location and cumulative capacity of wind turbines in Canada

Author

Affiliation

June Choe

University of Pennsylvania Linguistics

Visualization

Things I learned

• Using {magick} for animation composition, thanks to the {gganimate} wiki

• The very basics of working with spatial data with {rnaturalearth} and {sf}¹

• A bit about color schemes for maps (I particularly love this color as a way of de-emphasizing territories in the background)

Things to improve

• I couldn’t figure out how to add margins to the bottom, but I now realize that I could’ve just played around with expansion() for the y-axis of the bar animation plot.

• Image composition took a while to render, which was a bit frustrating. Need to find a way to speed that up.

Code

Also available on github

library(tidyverse)
library(gganimate)
library(extrafont)

tuesdata <- tidytuesdayR::tt_load(2020, week = 44)

wind_turbine <- tuesdata$`wind-turbine` %>% 
  select(
    ID = objectid,
    Province = province_territory,
    Capacity = total_project_capacity_mw,
    Diameter = rotor_diameter_m,
    Height = hub_height_m,
    Year = commissioning_date,
    Lat = latitude,
    Lon = longitude
  ) %>% 
  arrange(Year, -Diameter) %>% 
  mutate(
    Year = as.integer(str_match(Year, "^\\d{4}")[,1])
  )



ne_map <- rnaturalearth::ne_countries(scale='medium', returnclass = 'sf')

turbine_anim <- wind_turbine %>% 
  ggplot() +
  geom_rect(
    aes(xmin = -150, xmax = -50, ymin = 40, ymax = 72),
    fill = "#B6D0D1"
  ) +
  geom_sf(
    aes(fill = ifelse(admin == "Canada", "#7BC86C", "#FFF8DC")),
    show.legend = FALSE,
    data = filter(ne_map, admin %in% c("Canada", "United States of America"))
  ) +
  scale_fill_identity() +
  geom_point(
    aes(Lon, Lat, group = ID, size = Capacity),
    show.legend = FALSE, alpha = 0.5, color = "#3C59FF"
  ) +
  geom_text(
    aes(x = -138, y = 43, label = as.character(Year)),
    size = 24, color = "grey35", family = "Roboto Slab"
  ) +
  geom_rect(
    aes(xmin = -150, xmax = -50, ymin = 40, ymax = 72),
    fill = "transparent", color = "black"
  ) +
  coord_sf(
    xlim = c(-150, -50),
    ylim = c(40, 72),
    expand = FALSE,
    clip = "on"
  ) +
  ggtitle("Canadian Wind Turbines") +
  theme_void() +
  theme(
    plot.title = element_text(family = "Adelle", s),
    plot.margin = margin(1, 1, 1, 1, "cm")
  ) +
  transition_reveal(Year)

animate(turbine_anim, width = 1000, height = 600, nframes = 100)



capacity_data <- wind_turbine %>% 
  group_by(Year) %>% 
  summarize(
    Capacity = sum(Capacity),
    .groups = 'drop'
  ) %>% 
  mutate(
    Capacity = accumulate(Capacity, sum),
    width = (Capacity/max(Capacity)) * 70
  )

capacity_anim <- capacity_data %>% 
  ggplot(aes(x = 1, y = Capacity)) +
  geom_col(
    fill = "#3C59FF",
  ) +
  geom_text(
    aes(label = paste(as.character(round(Capacity * 0.001)), "GW")),
    hjust = -.2,
    family = "IBM Plex Mono"
  ) +
  scale_y_continuous(expand = expansion(c(.1, .4))) +
  coord_flip() +
  theme_void() +
  transition_states(Year)

animate(capacity_anim, res = 300, width = 1000, height = 100, nframes = 100)


library(magick)

map_gif <- image_read("turbine_map.gif")
bar_gif <- image_read("capacity_bar.gif")

new_gif <- image_append(c(map_gif[1], bar_gif[1]), stack = TRUE)

for(i in 2:100){
  combined <- image_append(c(map_gif[i], bar_gif[i]), stack = TRUE)
  new_gif <- c(new_gif, combined)
}

new_gif

Footnotes

1. If I don’t count all the convenient US-centric data/packages I’ve used to plot American maps before, this would be the first map I’ve made from scratch.